Bijlage A Document omlijning, registratie-eisen en toetsingprocedure 001.1 DNA-analyse en -interpretatie – Bronniveau – versie 2.1: summery of concepts dna analysis and interpretation2Alleen in een Engelstalige versie beschikbaar.
This document contains keywords of concepts of which an expert in the field of Human DNA analysis and interpretation should minimally have a basic knowledge. Sources of DNA evidence Crime scene investigation and laboratory analysis of biological evidence Identification and presumptive testing of body fluids (blood, semen, saliva) Confirmatory assays for body fluid identification (immunoassays) Uncertainty concerning attribution of DNA (particularly at low levels) to specific body fluids The structure of DNA and the variability of the human DNA genome Loci, alleles, genotypes and DNA profiles Polymorphisms commonly used for DNA testing The molecular biological basis of forensic DNA tests; using the DNA profile to identify a forensic sample Extraction and quantification of DNA Polymerase chain reaction Short tandem repeats and mutation processes Forensic multiplex STR typing kits DNA separation by CE and LIF detection Analysis of results, including the use of ladders for fragment sizing, use of analytical thresholds and identification of artefacts such as stutter, ‘pull-up’ and identification of mixed samples. Quality control and quality assurance of forensic DNA analysis Laboratory accreditation, personnel certification and proficiency testing Validation studies Laboratory error rates Understanding and minimizing the risk of contamination in the forensic process: methods of reducing the occurrence of contamination and detecting when it has occurred Continuous improvement and quality Likelihood Ratio (LR) Bayes Theorem Product rule to calculate the probability of independent variables DNA mixture deconvolution and recommended procedures for analysing mixed samples (LR and RMNE (‘Random Man not Excluded’)/CPI (‘Combined Probability of Inclusion’)) Accounting for relatives, where applicable, in calculating evidential strength Inclusion criteria and search (im)possibilities of the national DNA database including the detection of false negative and false positive matches
- • Knowledge concerning transfer of cells and DNA (primary, secondary, tertiary)
- • Knowledge concerning persistence of DNA and the impact of e.g. environmental conditions
- • Extensive experience of forensic DNA analysis and interpretation in forensic casework
- • Transparency regarding any limitations of the data used